![]() ![]() As these capillary waves travel downstream in the direction of air flow, their amplitude is further amplified by the air flowing around them. Specifically, capillary waves are established on the surface of a liquid jet as it issues from a coaxial two-fluid atomizer, the nozzle tip of which vibrates at the same frequency as the ultrasound while the frequency of the capillary waves is only half of the ultrasound frequency. ![]() This technique is based on resonance between the liquid capillary waves generated by ultrasound and those generated by high-velocity air. (C) 1998 Acoustical Society of America.Ī mechanistic study of two-fluid atomization has been carried out using a new spray technique called ultrasound-modulated two-fluid (UMTF) atomization. ![]() The comparison between theoretical and experimental results allows the determination of the internal damping coefficient. The influence of the materials mechanical damping on the displacement amplitude of the atomizing surface is investigated. A sizing method of the stepped horn is established and experimentally tested. The present study focuses on an analytical analysis of the longitudinal oscillations stimulated by the piezoelectric elements in a stepped horn which operates as an amplitude transformer. This may be achieved using a displacement amplitude transformer. The displacement amplitude of the atomizing surface must be greater than 2 mu m to initiate the atomization process. #Photonium particle structure free#The fine atomization of liquids by means of low-frequency ultrasonic atomizers (about 50 kHz) results from unstable surface waves generated on the free surface of a thin liquid film, This thin liquid film develops as the liquid spreads fast over the atomizing surface of the atomizer. Within the range of working conditions tested, the application of this formalism is successful and provides a procedure for the prediction of spray drop size distributions from calculations only. The relationship between the mean drop diameter and the surface wave wavelength was accurately determined and introduced into a mathematical approach based on the maximum entropy formalism to predict the drop size distribution of the spray. The thickness of the liquid film was measured and its effects on the drop diameter were studied together with the effects of both the liquid's physical properties and the ultrasonic atomiser's characteristics. This paper focuses on a systematic experimental analysis of the sprays produced by low-frequency ultrasonic atomisers. The thin liquid film develops as the liquid spreads over the atomising surface of the atomiser. These unstable waves are obtained from the tuning of the amplitude and the frequency of an imposed oscillation. The developed CFD-DEM-CSD method can be used to acquire in-depth knowledge of the fluid state, particle motions and structural deformation of the fluid, particle and structure system.The atomisation of liquids by means of low-frequency ultrasonic atomisers results from unstable surface waves generated on the free surface of a thin liquid film. The particle motions and elastic plate deformation obtained from both methods show good agreement, which verifies the performance of the proposed method. #Photonium particle structure crack#Then, the process of water and particle leakage through a crack affected by an immersed elastic plate is analyzed by both the laboratory experiment and the proposed numerical method. The proposed coupling method is first tested by simulating a classical fluid–structure interaction problem (FSI3) and an upward seepage flow through sand. For the proposed CFD-DEM-CSD coupling method, the CFD-DEM method based on locally averaged theory is applied to capture the motion of the fluid-particle flow, and the CSD method within the finite volume method (FVM) is used to resolve the deformation of the structure. This study presents a multi-phase coupled method based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), discrete element method (DEM) and computational structural dynamics (CSD) for simulating fluid, particle and structure interactions problems (FPSI). Fluid, particle, and structure interactions are widely encountered in the engineering field. ![]()
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